Bolivia | Cultural Property Implementation Act (CPIA) | Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) | import protections | memorandum of understanding (MoU) | UNESCO Convention (1970)
MoU Extended With Bolivia – US Customs Issues Final Rule
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| Tamucumira Mask. One of the Bolivian objects subject to CPIA import regulations. Photo courtesy US State Dept. |
The US government has extended import protections over archaeological and ethnological objects from Bolivia. The two governments entered into a bilateral agreement in 2001 pursuant to the Cultural Property Implementation Act (CPIA), which gives force to the 1970 UNESCO Convention (the Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export, and transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property). Import restrictions under the agreement last five years and may be renewed each period.
Bolivia received emergency protection under the CPIA in 1989. A bilateral agreement, or Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), was finalized in 2001, and the US government renewed that MoU in 2006. The latest renewal occurred earlier this year. The Federal Register reports:
“On August 26, 2011, after reviewing the findings and recommendations of the Cultural Property Advisory Committee, the Acting Assistant Secretary for Educational and Cultural Affairs, United States Department of State, concluding that the cultural heritage of Bolivia continues to be in jeopardy from pillage of certain archaeological and ethnological materials, made the necessary determination to extend the import restrictions for an additional five years. On November 10, 2011, diplomatic notes were exchanged reflecting the extension of those restrictions for an additional five-year period.”
On December 1, 2011, US Customs and Border Protection published its final rule describing the specific import regulations. The rule may be found here.
Thanks go to Gary Nurkin for news of the rule’s publication.
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